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Keywords

Assistive technology, Eye aspect ratio, Eye gaze, Fuzzy logic, Navigation behavior, Real-time, Wheelchair

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Intelligent wheelchair systems are crucial for enabling hands-free mobility in individuals with severe physical impairments. This paper presents a novel eye-movement-based wheelchair control system that integrates camera-based gaze detection with fuzzy logic decision-making. By analyzing the Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR), along with horizontal and vertical gaze ratios, the system interprets real-time eye movements into five navigational commands: “Move Forward,” “Move Backward,” “Move Left,” “Move Right,” and “Stop.” A time threshold mechanism (2–5 seconds) ensures intentionality by filtering out involuntary gaze fluctuations. The novelty of this work lies in its hybrid use of real-time video processing and fuzzy logic reasoning to improve directional decision accuracy while maintaining non-invasive interaction. The system achieves a high detection accuracy of 99.8% with excellent performance in terms of precision, recall, and geometric mean. Unlike previous works that depend on wearable electrodes or basic rule-based classifiers, this work emphasizes adaptability, comfort, and stability in dynamic environments. The proposed solution demonstrates strong potential for assistive mobility, promoting independence and user comfort without the need for intrusive hardware.

DOI

10.30684/2412-0758.1015

First Page

313

Last Page

334

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